Case Study Solution for International Marketing Report of Harvey Nicho

Question: Case data: Harvey Nichols Harvey Nichols to open in Qatar Source: Mintel 09-12-2014 The excellent retail establishment will open a 80,000 sq ft store in Doha in 2017. The Harvey Nichols store will be opened in organization with Qatari business gathering, Saleh Al Hamad Al Mana, in the Doha Festival City shopping zone. This will be Harvey Nichols eighth global store. Stacey Cartwright, bunch CEO of Harvey Nichols, stated: Doha is an energizing business sector for Harvey Nichols because of the critical development we are finding in the nation. Examination discloses to us that our image interprets well in Qatar just as with the Qatari clients when they shop in our home market. Since Harvey Nichols first opened in Knightsbridge in 1831, it has driven the path in sourcing the most attractive and forefront creator brands. Perceived as the UK's chief extravagance design retailer, Harvey Nichols is universally famous for its expertly altered style and magnificence stock, premium food and wine offer and grant winning eateries. Harvey Nichols includes seven stores inside the UK and Ireland, comprising of four huge arrangement stores in London, Edinburgh, Leeds and Manchester, and three little configuration stores in Birmingham, Bristol and Dublin. The new magnificence idea store, Beauty Bazaar, Harvey Nichols, opened in Liverpool in November 2012. All UK stores have extravagance Foodmarkets and Restaurants, Cafs or Brasseries. Harvey Nichols additionally claims and works OXO Tower Restaurant, Bar and Brasserie on the South Bank in London. Also, there are seven enormous configuration stores abroad: two in Turkey (Istanbul and Ankara), one in Riyadh, one in Dubai, two in Hong Kong and one in Kuwait. Harvey Nichols Baku, Azerbaijan, will open in summer 2014. Its eighth global store will open in Doha, Qatar in 2017. Harvey Nichols stores offer a definitive style understanding. Seen as the spot to be, Harvey Nichols is the club that doesnt require an enrollment. Restrictive, specialty and set up names sit close by open ordinary assortments, offering clients the must-have alter for all their closet needs from regularly to remarkable. Required: Synopsis circumstance examination exploring key parts of the advertising condition review Critically talk about Harvey Nichols vital choices for universal development and cause vital proposals for its future global development To assess showcase potential and suggest its next worldwide market and proposed section methodology for its ninth store Outline the suggested promoting blend for the proposed showcase, guaranteeing its significance to the intended interest group. Answer: Presentation This report targets watching the organization Harvey Nichols, a champion among the most in extravagance and in vogue retail chains all around. Clients can find most by far of the widely acclaimed brands of style architects in the store. The purpose behind this report is to examine and evaluate the showcasing plan and techniques of Harvey Nichols. This has been practiced through auxiliary data. The optional investigation included investigation using the course books and articles about and of huge promoting technique thoughts and theories, and likewise investigating the intended interest group of the association and system. This report proposes worldwide advertising improvement systems for Harvey Nichols. Brief Overview of the Case Study Harvey Nichols stores offer an alternate style understanding. Seen as 'the spot to be', Harvey Nichols is the club that doesn't oblige a participation. Specialty, Elite, and settled brand that sit close by available normal assortments standard, offering customers the must-have modify for all their storage room needs from conventional to exceptional. As per the updates on Mintel, Harvey Nichols has chosen to open another store in Qatar. It will be a premium departmental store of 80,000 sq ft in Doha in 2017. This is eighth worldwide store of Harvey Nichols alongside the organization with Qatari business gathering and Saleh Al Hamad Al Mana in the Doha Festival City shopping territory. The explanation for the opening of the store in Doha is expected the interest of the brand in Qatar and furthermore the Qatari clients in its local market, UK. Situational Analysis Full scale Environment Analysis The full scale investigation should be possible utilizing the PEST instrument examination for Harvey Nichols. Political: Qatar follows the emirate-government type. Qatar is a set up nation with no majority rule government. The nation guarantees that it is shaping into a built up government yet it doesnt license political social events nor hold choices on a national level yet. This ensures the sureness of the business conviction so that the organization can work beneficially with no interruption of the ideological groups. If there should be an occurrence of guideline, that for the most part diminishes the appeal of the Harvey Nicholes advertise. It raises the size of the market. The bigger the size of the market, results into better economies of scale. Affordable: The economy of Qatar is creating. The opportunity score of the economy of Qatar is 70.8. It is 32nd freest financial nation as indicated by the record of 2015. There is an improvement in the work opportunity and exchange opportunity. The nation appreciates the feature way of life. As of late, the administration of Qatar has chosen to build up the open-showcase strategies, to situate the nation as a money related and calculated center. This makes the matter of Harvey Nicholes to investigate in the Qatari market (Heritage.org, 2015). Social: Most of the Qatari individuals are hesitant to extravagance brands. They love the extravagance marks without a doubt. The customers of the Qatar locale are exceptionally modern about their needs. They like to show their riches through their enthusiasm towards the extravagance brands. The locales like Kuwait, Riyadh, Abu Dhabi, Dubai and Doha are notable for their work towards the world extravagance. The extravagance part in the region is assessed between USD 6 and USD 10 billion, with CAGR of 11% from the year 2009, and it is required to keep up development of 8% by 2017. Such a splendid future for the extravagance things in Qatar offers Harvey Nichols the chance to develop adequately in the Qatar showcase (Pivac, 2014). Innovative: The improved mechanical factor assists with bettering the economies of scale in the creation for the Harvey Nichols. Innovative patterns are changing, the manner in which individuals are utilizing the cell phones and tables and wanting to shop online will assist with decreasing the framework cost and lead to overhead investment funds. Small scale Environment Analysis Organization: Harvey Nichols is the main retailer of head extravagance style in UK. The vision of the association is to furnish a definitive style understanding alongside excellence, home and food (Harveynichols.com, 2015). The guiding principle of the association are responsibility, collaboration, polished methodology, acknowledgment and respectability (Careers.harveynichols.com, 2015). Clients: The objective clients are individuals who are brand sweethearts. They target youths the two people. This brand is for the most part for clients who have high societal position and furthermore have significant level of discretionary cashflow. Contenders: There are two primary rivals in the Qatar advertise. The UFC (United Fashion Company), which is one of the conspicuous retail in Doha. It additionally gets the world-class style extravagance brands for the Qatari clients (Udcqatar.com, 2015). Furthermore, the Qatar Luxury bunch has built up its brands in the zone of style, way of life and cordiality segment. It adds to limit of the economy of Qatar (Qatarluxurygroup.com, 2015). Providers: The providers of the Harvey Nichols are required to moral perform towards the development of the association. They have different providers that help them to prevail in the business (Computacenter.com, 2015). Swot Analysis Quality Shortcoming Harvey Nichols has extravagance items that brag a solid retail. This incorporates an incentive for cash, notoriety and furthermore different various brands Harvey Nichols have experience overall development It generally stresses on the client care, commit limit of their time towards conveying the requirements of the clients. The association doesn't have its store in the developing nations. The brand is premium and is subject to the architects character The Harvey Nichols works comprehensively, however its quality is found distinctly in not many countries. Openings Danger Merger, Acquisition, key collusions with the extravagance great organizations in Dubai, Doha, Abu Dhabi can build the nearness all the more adequately. The opening of new stores in the new areas gives Harvey chances to create showcase. This prompts broadening of the association. The adjustment in the mechanical market would conceivable change the market on Qatar, which may challenge the capacity of the association. A piece change in the focal point of the contender of the Harvey may clear out the situation of the market of Harvey that the association has accomplished in these years. This could squeeze the association. Explicit Challeneges To Company With levels of high-wage, Qatar is from different points of view a prominent business for extravagance items. Then again, out of the blue, world-beating each capita pay rates can be both a. Preferred position and drawback for the residential retail segment. Individuals with high-total assets may not shop by territorial principles, a similar number of Qataris in this degree of pay go to other overall capitals to buy top brands items. In reality, those serving the top of the line division of retail are careful that there is a status to buying things in Europe and returning them to Qatar. Regardless, pretty much every extravagance brand has region in Qatar, with The Pearl a middle for a few, for instance, Yves Saint Laurent, Emporio Armani and Hermes (Oxford Business Group, 2014). In result, the all-inclusive base of well-off clients the wor

The Progressive Era Essay examples -- American Reform Movement

The Progressive Era was a period that uncovered the logical inconsistencies found in American culture in the late nineteenth and mid twentieth century. Theodore Roosevelt summarized the Progressive/Reform feeling in his Fair arrangement discourse - that it was about ethics, not financial matters. His objective was the ethical recovery of the business world. He lectured that it wasn't right for certain individuals to excel in business and legislative issues by stunts and plans, while others were cheated out of the chance. This was the sort of talk that a large number of Americans from all regions of society could comprehend and react to. Roosevelt essentially acted in light of a legitimate concern for the normal working man, fixing things that they discovered unfair. For a considerable length of time, poor people and workers were discontent with treatment from their huge business bosses. Their long working hours and misuse of kids were, in addition to other things, uncovered by the Muckrakers. The Muckrakers were writers who uncovered defilement in business and legislative issues and drove a large number of their perusers crazy. These new reformers assumed control over the old Populist thought that the legislature should work for the open's financial well being.(Mintz, 2015) Change bunches close to the turn of the century were keen on the ethical changes of the manner in which the administration and organizations were run. They needed the legislature to be increasingly open and tune in to the individuals. Likewise, they needed the legislature to invest more energy into securing the prosperity all things considered. This would require government activity to manage business, improve general wellbeing and security and ensure that each resident got the opportunity to succeed and to be glad. Today there are likewise many change gatherings. Much the same as the progressives of the mid twentieth century, present day reformers are attempting to improve things. One present day reformer is Ralph Nader. Nader is a pioneer in the shopper security development. He composed insightful groups of youthful legal advisors, shopper authorities, and understudies, prevalently called Nader's Raiders, to lead reviews of various organizations, government offices, and the U.S. Congress. Nader is a questionable man; his examinations have now and again been reprimanded as one-sided against huge business and government. Â Â Â Â Â Cesar Chavez was another cutting edge reformer. The issues that he managed included: Women Farmworkers, Farmworker Health Issues, and Migrant Labor. Numerous issues th... ...nion. He held the bad habit administration for not exactly a year, prevailing to the administration after the death of President McKinley on November 14, 1901. In 1904 Roosevelt was chosen for a full term as president. The standards of the twentieth century were based on crafted by change gatherings. Change bunches despite everything have an enormous impact in changing the manner in which huge organizations and the administration are run. Due to the steady requirement for change and change, the turn of the twentieth century to the twenty-first could be known as a dynamic time simply like the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century was.â â â â â Works Consulted Barbuto, Domencia. American Settlement Houses and Progressive Social Reform. New York: Orynx Press, 2009. Buenker, John. Progressivism. Chicago: Schenkman Books, 2007. Cohen, Miriam. Ladies and the Progressive Movement Gilderlehrman.org Web. 25 April 2015. http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-period/governmental issues change/expositions/ladies and-dynamic development Mintz, Steven. Change Movements of the Progressive Era Gilderlehrman.org Web. 25 April 2015. http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-period/governmental issues change/assets/change developments dynamic time

Sociology of Crime and Punishment

Humanism of Crime and Punishment Making sense of why individuals carry out wrongdoing has consistently been the basic inquiry in criminology. Throughout the years, a great deal of sociologists have created hypotheses needs to why individuals may carry out violations. Does society have anything to do with why somebody perpetrates a wrongdoing? Does having a psychological sicknesses has any factor with regards to why individuals perpetrate wrongdoing? Or then again would it be able to just be on the grounds that they needed to? The entirety of the inquiries go through a sociologists mind when attempting to come to one brief answer. Sadly, there isnt only one response to this inquiry, rather there are different elements that weigh into why somebody may perpetrate a wrongdoing. Elijah Anderson, Robert Merton and Walter Reckless, have every single created hypothesis from their very own examination with respect to why individuals carry out wrongdoing. In this paper I will discuss their hypothesis and whether I concur or d iffer with their hypothesis. In Elijah Anderson, Code of the Street hypothesis, code alluding to a lot of casual guidelines that impacts someones open conduct, he classifies individuals who live in the road and the not too bad families, to plan a feeling of downtown life. The not too bad families are dedicated, has standard qualities and impart them into their youngsters, not at all like the road families that are useless, and appears to have no enthusiasm for the childs life. Not too bad families, is by all accounts progressively affable, though the road families are irate and are forceful with their kids. These are the kids that regularly utilize the term come up hard when alluding to their youth. This at that point prompts the point that individuals who experienced childhood in a road family home are bound to carry out wrongdoings just in light of the fact that their folks were not associated with their life. They are likewise as a rule the youngster that hang out in the city and remain out late. Though with nice families, kids are instructed to avoid inconvenience and has a check in time. A significant number of the kids that experienced childhood in road families, esteem regard and unwaveringness from others inside the boulevards, and on the off chance that they were to ever be tried they will fight back with brutality. Robert Mertons strain hypothesis, accepts that society place a major part in an individual getting degenerate. His hypothesis expressed that society puts a major accentuation on the American Dream and that we as a whole need to accomplish it. This at that point places pressure on a person in the public eye to adjust. A few people pick whether to strive to accomplish those objectives or become freak so as to accomplish those objectives. Merton felt as if equivalent open door inside society to accomplish the American Dream was nonexistent, so resolve those strains, individuals adjust, or at the end of the day Modes of Adaptation. As per Merton there are five methods of adjustment, congruity, development, ceremony, and disobedience. In conclusion, Walter Recklesss hypothesis accepted that there were powers that move individuals to submit freak exercises. Such powers are pushes and pulls. Pushes would be mental or social conditions and pulls are following individual delinquents. These future thought about two sorts of regulation, external and inward. Internal alludes to restraint, a feeling of right or off-base and good or strict convictions. External alludes to persuasive people, for example, instructors and families just as specialists. This at that point prompts the purpose of, the more probable somebody is to fit in with societys standards, the more uncertain they are to take an interest in freak practices. Out of these three speculations, the two primary hypotheses that were fascinating were Elijah Andersons code of the road hypothesis andã‚â Robert Mertons strain hypothesis. In Andersons hypothesis, he makes reference to that there are two sorts of families, which I concur with, yet what I can't help contradicting is that I dont accept that since somebody experienced childhood in a road family home that they are bound to perpetrate violations. For example, I have known about stories where the guardians are all around grounded and are all around engaged with their childs life, yet the youngster turns into a crook. Different factors, for example, the youngster needing to fit in with a particular group that they may think about cool, can have an impact on whether the kid create freak practices to fit in inside that gathering. Also, then again, I have heard accounts of youngsters that grew up into a road family home and they picked an alternate way throughout everyday life. They were spurred by their battling circumstances, to try sincerely and pull themselves up by their boot ties, with the goal that they can accomplish more prominent things and become positive powers in the public arena. Presently Mertons hypothesis, I appear to concur with totally. Societys accentuation on the American Dream and riches, can turn out to be exceptionally exhausting on a person. Particularly in light of the fact that not all people can get it. Individuals make a decent attempt to fit in with societys standards, that they here and there dont support that their method of acclimating might be correct or wrong, particularly for poor people. This is the reason a considerable lot of them resort to taking and selling drugs. As like numerous other research, they can in some cases be inclinations. For instance, both Merton and Anderson just took a gander at kids or adolescent delinquents. Like I referenced previously, kids are handily convinced, they frequently get things done to fit in. My inquiry currently is, if they somehow happened to take every other factor that kids need to experience would their hypothesis continue as before?

Teaching English to new arrival immigrants is problematic Research Paper - 1

Training English to fresh introduction settlers is hazardous - Research Paper Example One of the accidents is that the migrants make the language as a subsequent language. The example, along these lines, makes the need to comprehend the foundation of the understudies and the resulting impacts that the foundation has on another course. Besides, an earlier investigation of the different misinterpretations that students have towards learning a subsequent language is essential with the point of setting up the best obviously of activity. Different elements that might be of help in instructing English to outsiders is the thought of the procedures that include the information on English and therefore grasp the more extensive degree that speaks to the social and social issues. The issues that shape up the procurement of the English language by the settlers is along these lines are a constituent of the article. The article likewise expresses on the various arrangements that are important in the mind boggling procedure of the language learning. A rundown shows up toward the ful fillment of the archive in a case of giving a review of the entire report. Confusions distort the necessities of settler understudies and present oversimplified ways to deal with second language learning and entangle the way toward educating and learning English. In the event that understudies convey in English, they have capability to utilize language in standard courses. Teachers now and again expect that if settler understudies can impart in regular day to day existence, they can have the fitness to utilize language in an each assortment of settings, particularly standard course of English. Be that as it may, there are holes between ordinary correspondence and standard courses language use for the second language students (Cacden, 1988). These holes happen in light of the fact that there are contrasts between locally situated and course-based worth framework and information. Such Differences among home and English courses lead to challenges for English language students to access to scholastic and standard course language (Tharp and Gallimore, 1988). In view of this misguided judgment, settler

BR Richardson Timber Corporation Free Essays

Individuals need various things from work, normally when we get what we need we are inspired and our confidence encourages us to improve the nature of our work and lives. For the vast majority cash is the inspiration however frequently it is important to connect money related awards to non-fiscal rewards so workers stay persuaded. A blend of these will quite often prompt duty to an association, creative thoughts and for the most part high caliber of work. We will compose a custom article test on BR Richardson Timber Corporation or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Human asset arrangements ought to be with the end goal that they engage the most significant of the considerable number of assets that an organization has which is its kin. This will mean enormous benefits for the organization and extraordinary fulfillment among the representatives. Security and medical problems are a significant issue in the BR Timber Company. Most representatives in the organization are disappointed with their employments, working hours and working conditions. Spirit is down and accordingly profitability is diminished with expanded occupation turnover as high as 70 percent in certain branches of the organization. Ron, the group chief in sticking reports that new individuals infrequently most recent a year at the sticking office. This is because of the work they are acquainted with after beginning work. The overwhelming undertakings included as a rule result in back wounds. Frequently there is no direction to the activity and the new laborers learn at work about the rights strategy of hanging shafts. Ron reports that most men have terrible backs, broken fingers and toes, and hernias. A meeting with Marty uncovers that a demise had happened at the sticking office. Indeed, even with this the passing the men were relied upon to go about as though nothing had occurred and keep working. The mean likewise indicated incredible worry for a man who had continued a blackout in the wake of hitting a middle nail in the stuffed sticking zone. During a voyage through the plant it was noticed that security was particularly undermined putting the worker’s wellbeing in danger. For example, a few specialists didn't have protective caps, others didn't have wellbeing glasses, and band-saw security gadgets were missing. Dirk a scheduler with an experts in ranger service likewise revealed that the representatives didn't under go any physicals. In spite of the fact that the men had clinical protection this was insufficient to get their assurance according to the security of their working conditions. The heaps of shafts are stacked too high with the end goal that they fall regularly. This in truth is the means by which a passing happened at the plant. A portion of the machines given to the laborers are likewise not in great working request for instance Rolf refered to a machine that has four haggles feet of leeway. The machine has neither brakes nor shut-off creation it wasteful and insufficient to work with. The structure and ventilation principles of the plant as detailed by Ro are underneath normal prompting genuine weight reduction among the men throughout the mid year. Physical prosperity and a sound psyche are fundamental if a workforce is to be solid. A sound workforce is a spurred one and as a rule when one is in acceptable physical wellbeing the psyche is calm and the laborer can focus on his work. This is just conceivable if the specialist realizes that his workplace is sheltered and represents no peril to his wellbeing. This is missing at BR Timber Company. In the first place, BR Timber Company needs to set up a representative help that guarantees that the workers experience a physical and that they are up to the difficult work expected of them. This will help in distinguishing proof of any representatives who might be taking a chance with their wellbeing by doing the difficult assignments at the plant. It is important to work with the quality control chief to create rules that are task-explicit for the various occupations and workplaces in the spot. Most men get mishaps since they don't get the idea of an errand unmistakably. The successive development of men starting with one occupation then onto the next makes it hard for them to be prepared. To manage the errors made the men should be at one work station sufficiently long to realize what precisely is required in the bars and along these lines increment security with less slip-ups being made. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) suggested that ergonomic strategies be made willful as opposed to obligatory. This targets lessening business related wounds and is better when it is intentional instead of obligatory in light of the fact that then the organization is allowed to follow these rules without feeling constrained. The advantages particularly for BR Timber Company particle having employees’ wellbeing kept up is that workers will require less time off in light of the fact that wounds (Ju, 2007). For BR Timber a protected situation would be given by first guaranteeing that representatives have the vital wellbeing gear. This incorporates guaranteeing that head protectors and security glasses are accessible to all representatives in all movements. Moreover the organization ought to improve the condition in its paste territory which has numerous damps making the spot be packed and making trouble in strolling around. The nonappearance of security gadgets for band saws ought to likewise be investigated so the band saws are fitted with guarding. Guaranteeing that cautioning signs are put at vital focuses in the plant to improve wellbeing by giving representatives and guests of potential peril ought to likewise be finished. The capacity region for the shafts is a perilous zone with one passing previously having happened because of the heaps of pillars being excessively high and consequently falling. An answer for this issue is make the stacks lower and search for satisfactory space like proposed by Dirk that a greater yard could be made by taking out the field and sorting out the stacks with the goal that their confusion could stop representing a risk to the representatives. Support of hardware and machines is additionally another issue that adds to poor working and wellbeing conditions. By consistently fixing the work-out machines or fixing them inside and out the organization stands to acquire over the long haul since effectiveness will be expanded and efficiency together with wellbeing will likewise be upgraded. No worker is open to utilizing a machine that has no brakes, so a straightforward mediation like guaranteeing all the machines have breaks would cause the representatives to feel more secure. The activity of guaranteeing security doesn't just lie with the executives yet in addition with the workers. On the off chance that and when quality security gear is given the administration should ensure that the representatives use them properly. By permitting continuous assessment groups to guarantee that the organization and its representatives are taking the essential wellbeing safeguards a more elevated level of responsibility is empowered and the organization is bound to hold fast to a protected working environment and with the workers sticking to the security rules. The answers for the wellbeing issues at BR Timber Company would best be tended to by joining the help of a security consultancy office. OSHA has numerous assets that would be valuable for the organization. Furthermore they offer PC programming and specialized data help that is anything but difficult to follow and that has details of OSHA principles implying that the organization can't turn out badly on security on the off chance that they look for administrations of such an office. Another technique that BR Timber Company needs to utilize for the soundness of its laborers is to set up a guiding unit for the laborers. A large number of the representatives appear to be extremely concerned and upset about wounds continued by a specialist (Bob) who was hit by a middle rail and furthermore by the passing of a partner at the pillar stacking territory. In spite of the fact that the majority of the men needed to return home that day, they were not permitted giving some level of obtuseness toward the men’s perspective after the departure of a partner. The workers would have profited a great deal from having strong administrations at that point. Instruction concerning injury avoidance ought to be consistently accommodated the representatives. These would be particularly useful in forestalling back wounds and realizing how to oversee hernias which are both normal issues in the BR Timber Company. Pay and advantages is another problem that needs to be addressed in the organization. It is primarily identified with extra time. The measure of work the representatives put in is fundamentally lopsided to their compensation. The laborers felt that they were paid 60 pennies for each hour lower than the association and included that when the association got a 65 pennies for every hour raise, the representatives at BR Timber Company got a 45 penny for every hour raise. This being among the most reduced paid representatives in the timber business implies that they are not roused a lot. The main other advantage that appears to be accessible to these workers is the clinical protection spread. A large portion of the workers appear to be discontent with their pay rates even with extra time included. At the point when a softball crew was arrangement by one of the representatives financing for it was insufficient since it required about $700 and the staff were just given $250. Because of the mandatory idea of extra time most workers don't have the opportunity to play the game. For most, they return home gobble rest and wake up again to go to work with almost no time went through with their families. Something the organization is doing well is giving clinical spread to the workers. Different answers for poor inspiration because of poor compensations in benefits incorporate compensation increases. This would be better dealt with by a pay expert to guarantee that the employees’ compensations are coordinated with those of other association representatives. This doesn't need to happen to quickly it could be an arrangement after some time where the representatives get continuous increments in installment following an overview of their pay scales. (Mathis and Jackson, 2006) A worker benefits chief might be important to give better administration of the representatives benefits particularly the medical coverage and annuity plans. On account of the BR Timber Company the idea of the business the organization is in requires the organization to have a mishap and dissection protection plan. The supervisor when delegated will have the option to stay up to date with every single legitimate issue influencing the worker benefits. This will st

Music And Marketing Assignment Number Of Advertisements - 1375 Words

Music And Marketing Assignment: Number Of Advertisements (Essay Sample) Content: First and Last NameProfessorClassJune 26, 2017Music and MarketingEvery day, people are bombarded with a large number of advertisements, and their responses become limited to few while tuning out the rest. Advertisers resort to music which enables them to break through this clutter and connect with their audience. They attempt to capture a larger potential consumer base through utilizing some widely accepted themes that connect music, or a musician, in some manner to the actual human experience. These themes range from loss, pain, and desperation to nostalgia, rebellion, and inspiration. Usage of these themes reflects in the choice of music or artist that advertisers use in their specific campaigns to use emotions in their content rather than rationality. Additionally, by using a hit song in their campaigns, the advertisers manage to bypass the choice making process of what will capture peoples attention, since current and accepted music is already popular with the tar get consumers. In the 1980s, there was an unspoken divide between the perceived artists and pop stars. It was defined by the deals made between them and corporate sponsors. According to some critics today, The idea of selling a song for a commercial would have been seen as career suicide (Hopper). As more and more tie-ups occurred, the term sell-out was used to demonize the successful artists who landed rich and lucrative corporate deals. One such case was of Michael Jackson who had suddenly risen to previously unseen levels of fame and popularity. There were some who believed that Michael was a sell-out to his passion of music -and termed him as such- when he signed the highest ever deal at that time. He lent his music and his persona to the PepsiCo, and the way that this relationship flourished is a study in the success of endorsements. The way in which the choice of music and artist can influence the advertising plans for even the biggest conglomerates can be best seen in the man ner in which Pepsi and Michael Jackson came together in the 1980s. At this time, Coke and Pepsi were two of the most popular brands of cola beverages in the world. Michael Jacksons involvement with Pepsi was such that his fans and Pepsi drinkers were from the same set of people. Their association started a year after Michaels iconic album, Thriller, was released in 1982. The album and the title track became the most successful in history. Pepsi took Michael on board for $5million and every marketing campaign that Pepsi ran for the next decade was centered around Michaels image, his songs and his personality (Katz). However, initially, Michael was approached by coca cola who were not convinced as they believed that his appeal would be to a specific ethnicity. Once they got past this block, they offered a deal worth a million dollars which Michaels managers rejected. On the other side, the then CEO of PepsiCo, Roger Enrico, was planning the rollout of his new campaign, New Generation. The goal was to make Pepsi more appealing to the younger generation, and Michael seemed like an obvious choice, having been called the King of Pop by this time. He was widely accepted and liked by the specific consumers that Enrico wanted to go after. The deal was the biggest of its time, but Pepsi was confident in part because of Michaels own involvement in the campaigns which involved logs, displays, tours, and events, apart from the customized jingles based on his songs. The first campaign ran from 1983 to 1984, and it reached the consciousness of the public beyond the advertisements themselves. The impact of Michaels association with Pepsi changed the music and the advertising industries. Pepsi endorsements were interwoven with his music, tours and appearances. The inputs that Michael provided to the campaigns added to the brilliant executions that came out as a result. In the time that he was associated with Pepsi, Michael did try other endorsements, such as the short lived on es with LA Gear, Suzuki, and Sony. However, Pepsi became a part of the golden era of his career in the 80s and 90s. The impact that Pepsi was hoping for became evident in 1984 itself when Coca Colas market share dropped while Pepsi increased its sales by a substantial amount. With such results, Pepsi happily signed another deal with Michael when the album Bad came out, this time for $10 Million. They supported the album as well all its associated tours in 1987 and 1988. This time, they endorsed a global deal - where the earlier one was limited to the United States- and went with him as a sponsor in more than 20 countries around the world in the subsequent world tour. They also developed a campaign which ran in four parts showing Michael being hounded by fans and paparazzi, and it was released at the same time as the Moonwalker movie and referenced it in many places. The music they used was from the song Bad, and the lyrics had been changed by Michael himself to refer to the Pepsi br and. One of the commercials that Pepsi ran with Michael in the 80s is known just as the Pepsi Generation and is probably one of the most renowned spots created. It capitalized primarily on the immense popularity of Michaels music and his personality. They used his song Billie Jean, and Michael himself rewrote the lyrics in order to refer to Pepsi with Youre the Pepsi Generation in the chorus. It shows a group of people dancing in the streets to the song while drinking Pepsis. One of the men is impersonating Michael, and people are dancing with him, indicating the linkup between the Now Generation and Michael Jackson. Though gearing the advertisement towards an individual may seem like limiting the audience set, it must be understood here that Michaels appeal during this time was more or less universal. To appeal to the taste of such a large number of people with anybody else would have required for Pepsi to engage many artists. Michael was able to reach that many with just his own i ndividual persona. He was seen as larger than life, and this provided the same aura to the consumers of Pepsi. This resulted in a complete turnaround in Pepsis fortunes during the time. Though the people were dressed similarly to him, they were of all ages and genders, which further used Michaels credibility across many consumer bases. Post Michael Jackson, Pepsi continued the trend of having well known public figures as their brand ambassadors, and the list of such names includes Beyonce, Britney Spears and Madonna (Katz). However, Michaels work with Pepsi remains the standard bearer for not just such associations but also their success. Though such all-inclusive deals still happen between brands and stars, it is improbable that an association like Pepsi and Michael will ever be seen again. Michael Jackson has been the star for Pepsi for close to 30 years now, even after his death. His persona is still so attractive that Pepsi reincarnated the man in 2012. The association of Michae l is not just with the drink, but with the brand of Pepsi. Coupled with his own brand image, this gave Pepsi access to people across media. The campaign was called Live for Now and involved impri...

Descriptive Essay - Original Writing - 1300 Words

When my parents decided I had become old enough to safely wield a pole with a small but hurtful hooked object on a string, I began fishing. At first I only wanted to fish because I was not allowed to, but after I tried it for the first time I became fascinated with the mechanics. With our small, skinny, breakable-looking poles, we could pull mysterious, flopping beasts out of the water that would otherwise swim beneath the surface, undetectable. During the fall and winter months, my father, my sister, and I would frequently take our fishing poles down to the creek behind our house in hope of catching salmon and any other wondrous kinds of fish that frequented the cool waters. The fall that I was twelve years old, we decided to go fishing again. We would travel the short distance to the creek in order to fish late Sunday morning, when my dad had his one day off of the week. Sunday morning soon arrived, with a feeling in the air almost like Christmas. After sleeping in a few extra hours, my father and I ate a breakfast of blueberry pancakes drowned in maple syrup. When breakfast was finished, we hurried to our closets and began to bundle up in clothing. I wore long, thick, rainbow stripped socks underneath my pants that had blanket-like material sewn into underneath the jean material; underneath my green, plaid, and very worn jacket I wore three layers of long sleeve shirts of various mismatched colors. When I ran downstairs, my father was wearing what he alwaysShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1110 Words   |  5 PagesI don’t know how I got to where I am, but I’m here now, and I have to win if I want to live. I am in a game, and in order to live, I have to escape. That’s the thing, though: I don’t know how to escape. I was running for my life around this old house that looked like it came straight out of a horror movie. I doubled over and held my head in pain as I saw the static, which meant it was coming. I was being chased by what looked like a person but in no way acted like one. Just as it was about to appearRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1102 Words   |  5 PagesIt is on days like this when we stop to think about our life. Small drops of rain begin to dapple the cobblestone pavement as people whip out their umbrellas for cover. I continue sauntering down the busy street, relishing the feeling of a light shower. Moving with the mass of pedestrians, I stop at a crosswalk where I wait for the stoplight to turn green. A flower shop employee across the street scurries to bring in the numerous bouquets and close the doors as rain starts rolling down the displayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing914 Words   |  4 PagesDreamy I thought. Standing on the corner is a young guy with a smile. I see him here almost every day, so I linger for a while. He tells me his name, and I tell him mine. I m Ester, what s your name? I enquired. My names David .,He replied. We end up talking for a while and I asked him if he had ever left this city. He tells me of all these stories of the places where he s been, the distant lakes and mountains, and in valleys oh so green. I can see it in his eyes, he really has beenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing974 Words   |  4 Pages I was used to moving round, having a mother who liked to travel more than making roots was something I had gotten used to. Still, I had never gotten used to the loneliness of an empty house when she was out exploring, or the feeling of leaving behind someone who could have meant something to me. Our most recent move was Oregon. It was pretty, and I didn’t mind it, but it was much different than Florida. Not only was it opposite sides of the country, it felt as if it were opposite worlds. InRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1012 Words   |  5 Pageshave plenty of time in the next month to think about my feeling in regards to Kendrick. I needed to finish up the article and get it off to my editor. I should be able to get it done by tonight and send an email in the morning. I was thinking of writing my next article about the sea life around the Scottish coast. Since our salmon dinner last evening I thought I would do a piece about the commercial salmon farming that began in Scotland in 1969. In 2002 over 145,000 metric tons of farmed AtlanticRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1561 Words   |  7 PagesThere’s something I need to say and what follows may not be something that you’d expect, it won’t be heartening or uplifting. If you remember today, I told you about going somewhere I wanted to go to†¦ I’m not sure if you believed and accepted what I now confess as untrue; it is partly. I needed to pull away emo tionally†¦ from you. You must have had fathomed that some degree of formality had seeped between us. Born of habit, formulaic greetings had become a routine. You presume that I’m a close friendRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1387 Words   |  6 PagesI was wearing a beautiful blue dress with sapphire gems all around the chest area as I entered the ball with Ciel and Sebastian. I took a good look around here, the hallway was lined with gold. There was a servant ready to escort us to the ball room. Hello, come this way. He said, walking forward. Wow, this place is so fancy! I exclaimed, looking around. It s fake gold. Ciel bluntly replied, bringing my hopes down. I sighed. Ciel sounded like he wasn t in a very good mood. Ciel, lightenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1287 Words   |  6 Pages In the morning, Caireann woke me up. She stood above my bed, shaking my shoulder. I opened my eyes, looking at her. Then I looked across the room to her empty bed. Andy s empty bed sat in the corner. I swallowed, climbing out of bed. Sleep well? Caireann asked me, starting out the door. Yeah, I said, going over to our small dresser. I had the bottom two drawers. Andy had the middle two, and Caireann had the top. I pulled open the drawers, pulling on a colorful tank top and a grayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1345 Words   |  6 PagesLater that night, I was behind the wheel of my G-Wagon with Melissa in the passenger seat. She didn’t feel like driving since she was on the road all day and I understood so I didn’t mind when she asked me to. I had been tight-lipped. She kept eyeballing me as if she detected that something was bothering me but I just kept singing to my India Arie as if I was carefree. â€Å"So are you going to tell me what’s going on or no† Melissa said disrupting my own personal concert. I stopped singing and tookRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1085 Words   |  5 PagesI WAS SITTING IN a taxi, wondering if I had overdressed for the evening, when I looked out the window and saw Mom rooting through a Dumpster. It was just after dark. A blustery March wind whipped the steam coming out of the manholes, and people hurried along the sidewalks with their collars turned up. I was stuck in traffic two blocks from the party where I was heading. Mom stood fifteen feet away. She had tied rags around her shoulders to keep out the spring chill and was picking through the trash

Sample Resume Chemical Engineering Lab - 1318 Words

Pre-Reflection Assignment #1 I will be completing this assignment for Chemical Engineering Lab 1 as an introduction to the writing and formatting process that is expected by Professor Burrows. During this writing, I will work to become familiar with the whole process of the lab report. This will include practicing how to format professional tables and plots, with clear and understandable information and captions. My previous experience with formatting reports in Microsoft Office and utilizing Microsoft Excel for tables and plots will be utilized. Strengths that I have come from my need to make the document have a professional look, as I have not only wanted to provide quality information, but also to make the report aesthetically pleasing. Places of improvement could include time efficiency, including effectively gathering data from online or public sources. I believe this first assignment will be at least sufficient with completing all of the tasks required with proper formatting, with a hope that what is sought after or expected will be completely understood. By doing this, a certain rhythm of writing the lab reports and completing further assignments may be obtained that will benefit me for the remainder of the semester. Abstract There are two main points of focus of the following material. The first is to develop an understanding of writing professional reports by collecting data that is used to properly format tables and graphs. The data that is includedShow MoreRelatedBangladesh Pure Food Ordinance-20058856 Words   |  36 PagesSafe food contributes to health and productivity and provides an effective platform for development and poverty alleviation. People are becoming increasingly concerned about the health risks posed by microbial pathogens and potentially hazardous chemicals in food. 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What Was Canadian Confederation

In Canada, the term Confederation refers to the union of the three British North American colonies of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Canada to become the Dominion of Canada on July 1, 1867. Details on the Canadian Confederation Canadian Confederation is sometimes referred to as the birth of Canada, marking the beginning of more than a century of progress toward independence from the United Kingdom. The 1867 Constitution Act (also known as the The British North America Act, 1867, or the BNA Act) formed the Canadian Confederation, making the three colonies into the four provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec. The other provinces and territories entered Confederation later: Manitoba and the Northwest Territories in 1870, British Columbia in 1871, Prince Edward Island in 1873, Yukon in 1898, Alberta and Saskatchewan in 1905, Newfoundland in 1949 (renamed Newfoundland and Labrador in 2001) and Nunavut in 1999.

Summary Of The Land Of Equestria - 1735 Words

Narrator: In the land of Equestria, there lived many ponies together in harmony under the control of the two sisters Celestia and Luna. The eldest one was the loneliest, despite her younger sister for company she still felt empty inside. But, out of all her subjects there was on Pegasus that achieved her attention. His name was Cloud Racer, for he was one to put his heart all in into the things that he does, that is what caught the princesses eye. Fortunately, Cloud Racer had the same feelings for her, he would come up with many ways just to see her, until one day he got tired of making excuses. He went up to the princess and proposed, of course she said yes. After†¦show more content†¦Celestia: yes sweetie they are your little brothers Raspberry: what are their names? Celestia: they both shall be named Blueberry but one will be Blueberry Splash and the other is Blueberry squirt. {oh how they remind me of him} (Scene changes to Raspberry, Berry, and Squirt walking to school (Raspberry age 10, Berry and Squirt age 6)) Raspberry: so how do you two feel about your first day of school? Berry: I’ll be fine I got my books Raspberry: Berry, you know that you can’t always rely on your books. Squirt: I’m kind of nervous Raspberry Raspberry: don’t be, you’ll be fine Squirt *they reach the school* (at lunch) Berry: *is walking around reading a book and runs into another filly* ow! Twi: nnnn *rubs head* Berry: huh? Oh are you ok? Twi: yeah I probably should have looked at where I was walking. Berry: me too, wait were you reading? Twi: yeah where you? Berry: yeah, I kind of read a lot. Twi: me too! Berry: *laughs* so what s your name? Twi: my name is Twilight Sparkle Berry: mine is Blueberry Splash but I like to be called Berry. Twilight: well it was nice to meet you Berry, even though we walked into each other. Berry: yeah. (Raspberry, Berry, and Squirt are walking back home) Raspberry: so how was it? Berry: I met a girl who reads a lot, just like me. Raspberry: that’s nice, it looks like you already made a friend. Squirt: it was sooooooo boriiiinnnnng! Raspberry: Squirt!

Analysis Of The Book The Night - 1207 Words

Alan strode out the door just as skittish as he was when he walked in. He went over his plan in his head a countless amount of times. He was meeting Diana for dinner that night. He was going to put the potion into her wine. Diana wasn’t aware that Alan had such a tremendous admiration for her. He was strolling along, almost to the restaurant when a bluebird swooped down and snatched the love potion from Alan’s grip. â€Å"Ah-ah-oh you come back here bird! That’s mine!† shrieked Alan. He dashed after the bird until he could no longer run. The bird landed, and Alan could see the bird sipping the potion. Alan’s jaw dropped. He pondered upon what it would do to animals. The wise man hadn’t said anything about animals. â€Å"That was supposed to be for Diana! Now what am I going to do?† Alan spoke out loud to himself. The bird was staring at him. â€Å"Go away bird.† However, the bird did not go away. Instead, it fle w over to Alan and landed right on his shoulder. Alan shooed the bird off of his shoulder and started pacing towards the restaurant where he was meeting Diana. He was still going to meet Diana, even if she wasn’t going to fall in love with him today. Alan stepped up to the door of the restaurant. It was a glass door so he could see his reflection. He could also see the bird’s reflection. The bird was right behind him. He had followed Alan all the way to the restaurant. â€Å"You need to leave,† Alan commanded the bird. Then, Alan realized what wasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Night 964 Words   |  4 Pagesconstruction happened. Wanda had no choice but sat on the dusty floor while the thick chemistry book set under her butt as she used it as her cushion. Not more than ten minutes later, a sound of footsteps growing near her, triggered Wanda to straight up her body and peeked behind the wall to find out whose footstep was that. It was Chris. He was balancing a pile of books in his hand. Most of the books are from the library, and Wanda guessed that he was searching for more information about whatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1703 Words   |  7 PagesThe night is brisk and even with the thick suede jacket pulled over the man’s shoulders he is still freezing. He should mind the frozen temperatures, but he doesn’t because he has just won a vast amount of money off a bet. Money that he can spend on luxuries that he doesn’t need but believes he deserves. He smiles to himself, walking along the cold roads. Occasionally passersby will bump into him and cautious to pickpockets, he pats the pocket that holds the thick envelope of money. Maybe he’ll stopRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 8 50 Words   |  4 Pagesthinks it is for the name Rachel while everyone else believes it the is German word for revenge. By the science of deduction he learns that the woman and was poison and was traveling because parts of her was wet when it did not rain in London the night before. He then notices her suitcase is missing and this was the murders mistake. Holmes leaves quickly and leaves Watson alone at the crime scene. He heads to the main road to get a taxi. As he walks down the road he notices the phones keep ringingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night Essay764 Words   |  4 Pagesif you really want to, talk to Syd†¦the Sofria that lives here. She is very good with plants, but you may end up with her a lot of time with her since all of her books are in those strange marks. I’ll be honest. I don’t think there is meaning in those marks. I think she is really smart, and all the information is in her head. The books are just for show.† â€Å"I’ll ask.† They walked the garden, Tizbeth studying the different plants, thinking of questions. Lord Donovan was insulted when he told herRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1151 Words   |  5 Pageswhile on the road, Seth screws up his courage enough to profess his love for Lyla. She freaks out. Unable to deal with Seth, Lyla leaves him a note, saying that she does not see Seth in the same light that he does her and flees in the middle of the night. Unable to return home and depressed that he scared off Lyla, he meets a mage named Jay-with-a-J tangled in enormous brambles. He rescues him with a fire spell and learns of the alternative group of naturalists called druids. Able to manipulate lifeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 852 Words   |  4 PagesWith a basket on his back and an arm filled with a rifle, Eustace started out with his husky, Hunter, to check his traps. The black spotted, white fluff pounced forward with determination, well acquainted with the trap-line, howl ing and barking as he went ahead of Eustace along the Yaak River. Mornings like this along the trickling river with nobody and nothing, but greenery and his furry, elusive neighbors in sight in their natural orchestral of bustling calls made Eustaces transition from anRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1325 Words   |  6 Pagesnecessary. Thank you for the offer. But- really. I’m fine. I promise to be quieter.† â€Å"I can help-† â€Å"No, really, I almost have it. Sorry for frightening you,† Jemma said. Daisy sighed, â€Å"Alright. Well, good night, Jemma.† She turned around and walked to the door. She locked it. â€Å"Good night, Fitz!† She called out before slamming the door closed. â€Å"Lock the door next time you do shenanigans!† The man beneath Jemma started snickering. She looked down at him disapprovingly, â€Å"It’s not funny!† She exclaimedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night 1048 Words   |  5 Pageshappened to Elie and was one of the main conflicts of the story, â€Å"Night†. As you can see in the book he loved going to his mosque and his love of God, however, as the story went on his faith slowly deteriorated and crumbled away even though he fought hard to keep it. This can happen to the best of people and there is no way to control it unless you are strong with your beliefs. This was the case for Elie In the beginning of the book because he was excited about his path with God and would talk withRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1512 Words   |  7 PagesCameron, a young man, awoke abruptly. It was another long night in 2257 AD near modern day China. â€Å"Another nightmare,† he whispered under his breath.Panting heavily, he turns and puts his feet on the cold, damp wooden floor. Standing up, he let out a yawn as he stretched. â€Å"Well I guess I better go eat some breakfast,† he said to himself. As he goes down the stairs he passes his father’s room. Cracking the door open he could see his father sprawled out on the floor covered in glass bottles. â€Å"DrunkRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1226 Words   |  5 PagesRicendithas stood after this meeting was adjourned, disinterestedly looking around the room as he then followed Stella out into the main room. He hadn t missed Soyeon giving him the stink eye; if anyth ing, it only brightened his mood that he d managed to ruffle her feathers so nicely. And while they were going down the stairs, Ric just looked about while ignoring her little tryst about not touching anything. Do I look like some common thief? he muttered, his visible green eye shooting downstairs

I Am Strong free essay sample

Sweat did not accumulate in light droplets on our foreheads; it gathered in great pools, drenching our leotards. Although we never noticed it ourselves, everyone outside the studio could see that the air was dense with moisture and heat. All of our attention was concentrated towards our bodies: shoulders down, stomachs in, hips tucked under—the list never ended, and neither did the combinations of steps. Debra, our ballet teacher, was the officer. She patrolled a line of dancers focused on a complex pique routine, examining every inch of our bodies. When she came close to where I was standing, I held my breath and prayed with all my might that she would continue walking. Nobody ever wanted to be the one called on by the teacher, corrected in front of the entire class. And so we danced as if our lives depended upon it. Through many hardships, the strenuous life of a ballerina molded me into the mature young adult I am today. We will write a custom essay sample on I Am Strong or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I learned the value of self-esteem as I watched a fellow dancer suffer from anorexia. I learned the meaning of respect as another dancer gave everything she had to a boy. I felt the love and trust of a family as our performing company grew closer, depending on each other for survival. However, the most distinguishing imprint pressed into my clay character was not made by sufferings, but by strengths. A physically demanding and mentally rigorous sport, ballet forced me to push when I could not push anymore, reach when I could not reach anymore, and hold on when every inch of my body screamed to let go. Any stranger can look at me and see that I have not been blessed with the thin, tall stature of a ballerina. Standing at a mere five feet with splits that could only bend 190? and not the standard 200?, dancing was always a challenge for me. My only comfort came from knowing that everybody else faced the same problems. Debra never failed to remind us that a dancer can always point her foot harder, stretch her arm farther, and lift her leg higher, no matter how pointed, stretched or lifted the dancer’s body already was. I do not know why I worked so hard every day in ballet class, or even why I loved dance so much. Perhaps it was because of the lifelong relationships that were established there. Or maybe it was because the dance studio was my only refuge away from family strife, the one place I did not have to hear constant yelling and crying. Whatever the reason might have been, I would like to believe that I loved ballet because I love challenging myself. I love knowing that even when I do not accomplish my immediate goal, I have done something great by putting in that last ounce of effort. I have strengthened myself, earned endurance, and become a better person. When I look back at the young girl who stands at the barre, muscles shaking in a developpe, I whisper to her. â€Å"Find any energy left, and push that leg up higher, higher.† For I know that if she does, if I do, we both will gain command and ability. Some might think this is perseverance, while others would say that it is dedication or willpower. I call it strength.

Gangs of Chicago Essay Example For Students

Gangs of Chicago Essay attn getter: kill little jimmyboss: um listen sammy I want u to take care of our little buddy jimmy see he lost some of our more expensive merchindise to the nunziatos sammy: what do you want me to do boss what do you want me to do?boss: take him out to eat and tell him his don doesnt care that he lost the merchindise and then take him to see the sights, when hes not looking tell him to be prepared to meet his old buddy tony, then scratch him!sammy:sure boss surewhile we all would hate to be in little jimmys position im sure some of us wish we were alive in the roaring twenties when flappers and bootlegging were all in stylemy bookThe Gangs Of Chicagoby Herbert AsburyMy topic # 4 real life connectionthe book gangs of chicago is explained by the titlethe connection i made was with the whole mafia part of the bookgrowing up i wasnt really into anything kids my age likedmafia guys are so cool they have funny names like sammy and jimmy and tonyand the cool ones never seem to die they are dressed as if they are going to funeraland seem to talk out of the side of their moutheven tony saprano does thatthey also have funny acentsbut the best part is that mafia guys no matter how ugly face filled with scarspimples on their forehead..they always seem to get the ladiesi saw the movie the godfather and knew i had to join an italian mafiathere were 2 problems thoughi wasnt italian. . . . . . . . . .appearently!andand the 1920s happened a long long time agoso i did the next best thingi started my own mexican mafia at the age of 6our name.. the aztecioswe were the toughest mexican mafia aroundwe were the only mexican mafia aroundbut over time like any mafia my chronies slowly departed3 of them to be exacthavier moved awayjose wasnt allowed to go outside and jacks mom didnt want jack to play our little game anymore because she thought the whole mafia idea was stupid and i qoute eres loco for those of you who dont understand she called me crazyso my dream of being a mafia boss endeduntil HBO ran a pilot of a new show called the sapranosafter that i rewnewed my mafia vowsbecause i knew i had to become tony sapranowhy?because no one messes with him he is one bad mama jamaand if they mess with him well if you watch the sapranos you know what happens to themthe book mentions all of the more famous chicago gang membersand should be read by everone who has ever been interested in the mafiaand anyone interested by chicago historythanks

Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence Essay Example

Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence Paper Assignment: Ethical considerations in respect of advertising, sales promotion, pricing, product packaging and obsolescence. 2011 Introduction Ethics is concerned with what is right and what is wrong. Ethics relate to moral evaluations of decisions and actions as right or wrong on the basis of commonly accepted principles of behaviour (Dibb et. al. , 1997), in other words, ethics are the moral principles and values that govern the actions or/and decisions of an individual or group. They serve as guidelines on how to act rightly and justly when faced with moral dilemmas. Sometimes the line between what is considered ethical and unethical is difficult to distinguish since what is right and wrong differs depending on such factors as nationality, culture, sex etc. Ethics is individually defined and may vary from one person to another. Many people wrongly assume that only actions that violate laws are considered unethical. Some activities can be unethical even though no laws are violated, for example, it can be considered as unethical activity for companies to aggressively promote unhealthy food to children though such promotional practices are generally in the world not viewed as illegal. It is believed that good marketing is ethical marketing. Practicing ethics in marketing means deliberately applying standards of fairness, or moral rights and wrongs, to marketing decision making, behaviour, and practice in the organization. While the most basic ethical principles have been codified as laws and regulations to conform to the standards of society, marketing ethics goes beyond legal and regulatory issues. Ethical marketing practices and principles are the main that establish trust, which will help to gain and maintain the reputation of the company and to build long-term marketing relationships. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The purpose of this assignment is to define and explain ethical marketing considerations in respect of advertising, sales promotions, product quality, packaging, obsolescence, pricing and consumer manipulation. Promotion and advertising Some marketing activities may create ethical issues, for example, false, misleading and negative advertising, manipulative or deceptive sales promotions etc. An ethical issue is an identifiable problem, situation or opportunity requiring an individual or organisation to choose from among several actions that must be evaluated as right or wrong, ethical or unethical. Any time any marketing activity causes customers to feel deceived, manipulated or cheated, a marketing ethical issue exists, regardless on the legality of that activity (Dibb et. al. , 1997). The visibility of advertising, coupled with its role as persuasive communication, results in it being the area of marketing most affected by ethical issues. The major ethical issues in advertising and sales promotion are their misleading or deceptive aspects and the social harm attributed to advertising. Unethical actions in advertising can destroy the trust that customers have in the company. First to mention is false, deceptive or misleading advertising. As advertising has the potential to persuade people into commercial transactions that they might otherwise avoid, many governments around the world use legal regulations to control false, deceptive or misleading advertising. An advertisement is deceptive if there is a representation, omission or practice that is likely to mislead consumers in a material way – and is therefore ethically wrong. Advertisers must be able to substantiate claims about product performance. Second to mention is advertising that involves ambiguous statement – statements using words so weak that the viewer, reader or listener must infer advertisers’ intended messages (Dibb et. al. , 1997). Third to mention is advertising that involves violence, profanity and propaganda of sex. Fourth to mention is attack advertisements that unfairly denigrate competitors, so called negative advertising. In negative advertising, the advertiser highlights the disadvantages of competitor products rather than the advantages of their own. Sales promotion Personal selling as a type of sales promotions is to be mentioned regarding ethical issues, because some consumers may perceive salespeople as an unethical when persuading and pressing to purchase the products that they neither need nor want, so called high-pressure selling. A common problem in personal selling is judging about what types of sales activities are acceptable and what are not. Although most sales people are ethical, some do engage in questionable actions, such as aggressive and manipulative tactics, or not telling the customers the truth about the product, or making customers to believe that they will get more value than they actually do. Deceptive or misleading promotion â€Å"includes practices such as overstating the products’ features or performance, luring the customers to the store for a bargain that is out of stock, or running rigged contests† (Kotler et. l. , 2002). Pricing Ethical pricing means such type of pricing so as to avoid taking undue advantage of the highly price-inelastic demand for a product (Schoell, 1990). Price fixing (bid rigging), predatory pricing (dumping), failure to disclose the full price associated with a purchase, price discrimination, price skimming, price cartels and price wars are typical ethical issues in pricing policies. Most of the pricing policies mentioned above are illegal. The emotional and subjective nature of price creates many situations in which misunderstandings between the seller and buyer cause ethical problems. Marketers have the right to price their products so that they earn a reasonable profit, but ethical issues may crop up when company seeks to ear high profits at the expense of its customers. (Dibb et. al. , 1997). Product packaging Deceptive packaging includes exaggerating package contents through subtle design, not filling the package to the top, using misleading labelling, or describing size in the misleading terms (Kotler et. l. , 2002). Product obsolescence Product obsolescence can be planned and functional, planned obsolescence means a strategy of causing products to become obsolete before they actually need replacement (for example, electronics, fashion and computer industry) (Kotler et. al. , 2002), but functional obsolescence occurs when technological breakthroughs render an existing product out-of-date. Three types of planned obsolescence exist: postponed, internationally designed and fashion or style. Postponed obsolescence means holding back and adding product improvements until present inventories run out or demand falls out sharply. Internationally designed obsolescence involves designing a product, or a critical part, to wear out within a given period of time. Fashion or style obsolescence is psychological – new model cars make last year’s models obsolete (Schoell, 1990). References: Dibb, S. , Simkin, L. , Pride, W. M. , Ferrell, O. C. (1997), Marketing, Concepts and strategies, Third European edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, U. S. A, pp. 738-49. Kotler, P. , Armstrong, G. , Saunders, J. , Wong, V. (2002), Principles of marketing, Third European edition, Pearson Education Limited, Edinburgh, England, pp. 43-68. Schoell, W. F. , Guiltinan, J. P. (1990), Marketing contemporary concepts and practices, Fourth edition, Allyn anb Bacon, Massachusetts, pp. 27-29, 60-64, 313, 649.

Product Management Sample Essay - How to Write a Business Strategy Essay

Product Management Sample Essay - How to Write a Business Strategy EssayA Product Management Sample Essay is one of the best ways to gain entry into an industry which is very competitive. Many people entering the field are looking for information on how to become a Product Manager, so the Business Analyst must prepare an essay that they can send in for review.The first thing to think about when creating a Product Management Sample Essay is how you will answer the test. The way you answer the question will determine how much time and effort you put into your essay. For example, if you write 'Pied Piper or Geisha' then you could earn yourself a point with a simple answer. However, if you answer 'Pied Piper', then you may get points off as there may be more details of the character that you have not covered.If you already have a business degree or a degree in a related area then you are already prepared to write a Product Management Sample Essay. However, if you do not have a background in business then you may want to begin your writing from scratch. Consider what you have done or what you are interested in doing. For example, if you are studying to be a nurse then you should probably consider studying business, insurance or finance, since those are all related fields.Business Overview - This section will be very important. Whether it is related to the industry or you are just reading about your business, make sure that you describe all the various facets of your business. For example, you may describe the type of products you sell, the size of your company and the size of your client base. Keep in mind that this section must be short and simple, since there are many aspects to a business, and you may want to include all of them.The Second Section - If you chose to have a business overview, you should include a great business title and make sure that you cover all the aspects of your business in your second section. For example, you could write about your service s, your leadership style and your product range.The Third Section - You need to show the strengths of your product in this section. This is where you tell the readers exactly what they will receive from the product. For example, if you are selling an auto repair service, you should include examples of your service, how you have made it possible for others to benefit from your service and why they should choose you.The Fourth Section - You need to give examples of the tasks that you perform to service customers. For example, if you are selling to home owners, you need to provide an example of how you have helped them find a water proof window or vinyl siding solution. As you go through the document, you will need to use an organization chart. One example is to use boxes to highlight the different aspects of your business.

The Blues Meaning and Significance

The Blues Meaning and Significance What is the blues? It seems that the answer to this question can be easily found while examining its peculiarities as the music style, but this issue remains to be one of the most controversial questions which are associated with the blues as the music and philosophy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Blues Meaning and Significance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, the attempts to define the blues as a notion gave the start for the discussions of the blues as the expression of the African-Americans’ identity and the possibility to play this music by white people. Thus, can white people play the blues? To examine the problem and give the reliable answer, it is necessary to pay attention to the blues as the cultural phenomenon and to its ethical significance. In his work â€Å"The Blues as Cultural Expression†, Phillip Jenkins gives the answer to the question and discusses the blues from severa l approaches to it as the cultural and aesthetical phenomenon. Jenkins states that it is necessary to differentiate between two understandings of the blues in order to be right while answering this provocative question. Thus, he accentuates the blues as â€Å"the cultural expression† and as â€Å"the musical form†[1]. When people speak about the blues as the cultural expression it is important to focus on the fact that white people cannot play the blues because they do not have those national identity and historical, social, and cultural experience and background which the African-Americans have. However, when we speak about the musical form it is possible to state that â€Å"the blues is really nothing more than sound patterns or forms that require only the ability to manipulate the instruments (including the voice) in the right way†[2]. That is why white people can follow the blues techniques and play it. Nevertheless, is it a real blues? In their work â€Å" Even White Folks Get the Blues†, Douglas and Nathaniel Langston argue the first one of Jenkins’s principles and support the second statement about the blues as the possibility of white people to play the blues as the musical form[3]. Their argument is based on the idea that it is unnecessary for people to be black, if they come from the South and feel the blues as the African-Americans do. Moreover, the blues can exist in the world of white people as the specific form known as the white blues[4]. That is why Jenkins’s thesis can be considered as rather controversial.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The blues is the music which traditionally reflects the feelings and emotions of the African-Americans in relation to their state in the country, the peculiarities of their living and visions of their life. Thus, the main ideas of the blues are closely con nected with the issues of justice and liberties in the society. That is why it is possible to discuss the blues in the context of social and ethical significance. To understand this significance, it is useful to refer to Michael Sandel’s ideas about social liberties which reflect some which are typical for the blues. Social justice can be based on individual rights and the freedom of choice[5]. This idea is close to the ethics of the blues because the blues is the music of freedom of will, choice, and desires which are not limited by restrictive social norms. It is difficult to define the blues as a notion and to develop strict considerations about its meaning and significance because the blues is the music of the souls which freedom cannot be limited by any social, cultural or philosophical norms. Jenkins, Phillip. â€Å"The Blues as Cultural Expression†. Blues – Philosophy for Everyone: Thinking Deep About Feeling Low. Ed. Jesse R. Steinberg and Abrol Fairwea ther. USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2011. 38-49. Print. Langston, Douglas and Nathaniel Langston. â€Å"Even White Folks Get the Blues†. Blues – Philosophy for Everyone: Thinking Deep About Feeling Low. Ed. Jesse R. Steinberg and Abrol Fairweather. USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2011. 167-176. Print. Sandel, Michael J. Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do? USA: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010. Print. Footnotes Phillip Jenkins, â€Å"The Blues as Cultural Expression†, Blues – Philosophy for Everyone: Thinking Deep About Feeling Low, ed. Jesse R. Steinberg and Abrol Fairweather (USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2011). Phillip Jenkins, â€Å"The Blues as Cultural Expression†, Blues – Philosophy for Everyone: Thinking Deep About Feeling Low, ed. Jesse R. Steinberg and Abrol Fairweather (USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2011) 40. Douglas Langston and Nathaniel Langston, â€Å"Even White Folks Get the Blues†, Blues – Philosophy for Everyone: Think ing Deep About Feeling Low, ed. Jesse R. Steinberg and Abrol Fairweather (USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2011). Douglas Langston and Nathaniel Langston, â€Å"Even White Folks Get the Blues†, Blues – Philosophy for Everyone: Thinking Deep About Feeling Low, ed. Jesse R. Steinberg and Abrol Fairweather (USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2011). Michael J. Sandel, Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do? (USA: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010).

Impact of hyperinflation on investors and ordinary citizens in Essay - 1

Impact of hyperinflation on investors and ordinary citizens in zimbabwe - Essay Example or collection of data and determination of the process for analysing the accumulated data and information in order to arrive at a realistic solution of the research problem (Alexander and Dhumale, 2012). Such research methodology will be framed on the basis of the theoretical framework and ongoing economic circumstances in Zimbabwe. Research philosophy strikes an association between the theoretical aspects of the study with its practical exposure. Therefore, selection of appropriate research philosophy holds utmost importance for the successful completion of a research work. According to Alexander and Dhumale (2012), in order to derive the best research philosophy, its three distinct attributes should be analysed, such as; ontology, epistemology and axiology. The concept of ontology deals with realism and thus, it tends to analyse the social entities and social variables associated with the research objective so that research outcome becomes highly correlated with the practical world. Epistemology concentrates on the study of knowledge and attempts to apply the conjectural aspect for understanding the real world situation. Finally, axiology indicates the importance of value judgements (Alexander and Dhumale, 2012). As this particular research is conducted for academic purpose, epistemology is considered to be the most relevant philosophy for analysing the impact of hyperinflation on the general inhabitants of Zimbabwe. Under the research epistemology, positivism research paradigm will be adopted. Excellence of positivism reflects in its ability to observe the accumulated data and information explicitly and analyse such data applying the credible knowledge level (Maxwell, 2012). Research approach aids the researcher to precede the research work in a comprehensive manner. Conventional research methodology involves multiple research approaches such as abduction, deduction, induction etc. In order to analyse the effect of hyperinflation on the investors and

Impact of Class Size on Students' Achievement Thesis

Impact of Class Size on Students' Achievement - Thesis Example Since education is the understanding, wisdom and the information that any individual elucidate and illuminate in order to become proficient in a particular area of interest. However, there are abundant of students especially in the underdeveloped countries who do not even get the opportunity to get the elementary or primary education due to their poor financial statuses. Whereas, the developed nations are providing the students with quality education that helps them in making them live a better and standard life with the power of knowledge (Saracho, 2002). In view of the fact that education and learning is a critical and vital process that determines the future of any individual and how the person will shape his entire life with the knowledge that he will get. Therefore, education is one principal factor that cannot come under ignorance. Nevertheless, like any other field, the domain of education also has numerous problems that the students may encounter in their academic lives. Howe ver, the problems may come across with the teachers as well either with the administration department or in coping up with students (Saracho, 2002). By means of the rising population in the modern world in conjunction with the significance of education, the design, plan, and initiative for the development and enhancement of academic programs have escalated the proportion of students for each class. There are several reasons due to which elementary schools tend to have larger number of students per class without considering the fact that this is making a huge impact on the students’ accomplishments and achievements in their academic careers (Jepsen &Â  Rivkin, 2002). The relationship of students’ achievements caused by the class size has come under numerous researches and exploration since couple of decades; the aftermaths and findings have elevated this matter of subject into many discussions and arguments. In addition, the arguments provide the evidence for the fact that how the suggestions can contribute and influence to the improvements of the students’ performances. Moreover, the suggestions also propose the idea that how all students can get individual attention that can lead to a positive impact on to their achievements (Jepsen &Â  Rivkin, 2002). One of the leading obstacles that are under debates and arguments in the current times that catch the attention of one’s mind is the size of the class that the students study in, as it is one of the imperative subjects that give rise to the problems in the field of education. It has come under surveillance that the class size has a direct impact where it persuades on the learning and accomplishments of the students. In addition, the class size plays a great deal of value and prominence in the essence of learning and education that a student acquires and gains (Franciosi, 2004). Another query arises with the class size concern is that whether the students tend to perform better, gain additional and supplementary knowledge and have high level of achievements and success? This question is in comparison to the students who study in class where there are more students and

The Best Way to Increase Work Motivation Essay Example for Free

The Best Way to Increase Work Motivation Essay Introduction The purpose of this essay is to distinctively identify the effects of financial rewards on the work motivation of an organization and also whether or not this system of reward can cause an increase in the levels of work motivation already present in the organization. It furthermore aims to discuss weather Financial Rewards are the best way to increase the work motivation present. Although the essay shall primary be focused on Financial Rewards and Work Motivation, other factors that may have an effect on work motivation shall be discussed. For this purpose the understanding of work motivation shall be taken as such: The factors that are internal and external to employees that determine when he or she works, how hard he or she works and how long he or she works (Colquitt, Lepine and Wesson, 2009, pp.178-179). Furthermore the understanding of Financial Rewards to be undertaken is : The entire Reward System which focuses on Salary, Bonuses, Incentives etc., which aims to increase the amount of effort put in by the employees to achieve their work goals and increase work motivation in the organization as a whole (Hollyforde and Whiddett, 2002, p.166). By the conclusion of this essay the need for Financial Rewards its importance and status as apparently â€Å"the best way† to increase work motivation shall understood. There have been countless efforts over the years to understand the numerous factors and desires that determine and help to fully appreciate the intensity, quality, efficiency and reliability of the work performance of an employee. Since the eventual progress of learning and observation of the environment and factors has led to the conclusion that an employee’s performance is one of the most distinguishing factors that the organization or a business needs to cultivate in order for the organization to succeed. Work has always existed and been around in one form or another throughout our history but it is only in the recent couple of decades that we have come to understand the motivation to work or simply work motivation (Kressler, 2003, p.3). We must also take into consideration that different ways of motivation are influenced or can be influenced by the cultural context that it is applied in. People of different cultures may be motivated in different ways by the same rewards or incentives. The System of Reward must not differ substantially from the culture it is implanted in. However we must also note that most motivational theories are biased in the sense that they are US centric and based on studies conducted on test sample populations that may reflect cultural connotations and behaviors only found in the US.(Chiang and Birtch, 2012, pp.538-541) A Theory that seems to understand the disadvantage of a system solely focused on Financial Rewards is the Cognitive Evaluation Theory by E.L. Deci in which Financial Rewards would be seen as the External locus of Control and as understood by this it lessens the intrinsic motivation of the employee or person. It is assumed that activities are likely to be sustained longer if started by being motivated by intrinsic motivation and not an extrinsic motivation (Hollyford, et al, 2002, pp.37-38). According to the description by Kallberg and Rognes (2000) Non-financial rewards tend to have more broader aspects regarding improving performance and are focused on motivation for the long term of an organizations towards their employees. On the other hand as per Hofstede’s Topology in the category of Individualism-Collectivism explains Financial Rewards as being short-term and transactional in nature hence they are preferable for individuals who emphasize the aspects of individual contribution, individual ability and those that support that personal efforts are ultimately responsible for the job outcome. It is also suitable to people who see an increase in Financial Rewards as an attainment of Higher Status and Authority in the organization.(Chiang, et al, 2012, pp.542). Offering Non-Financial or pay benefits have been seen to have a positive effect as quoted by Francois Podeur, â€Å"The employees prove a high degree of organization commitment, are more loyal, feel more motivated to exceed their limitations and personal growth.†(Ciorbagui-Naon, 2010, pp.44) On the other hand as stated in Victor Vrooms Expectancy Theory in 1964 that when rewards are offered employees effort is increased and Money is almost always used as it is supposedly the most powerful and influential incentive in society and is already in fact largely used. . (Zani, Rahim, Junos, Samanol, Ahmad, Merican, Saad and Ahmad, 2011, pp.328-329) Since money is the basis or foundation of financial rewards and most Reward Systems the value of money against work motivation can be directly quoted as follows: â€Å"Money is not everything, Many would be happy with more time off, or more job security, than more money. People are prepared to trade off things for money once they have enough or grow weary of the game.†(Furnham, 2006, p.26-27) Furthermore several studies that have been carried out regarding the relative importance of pay or money have shown that money or pay ranks below factors such as job satisfaction, recognition, good people to work with etc., But the tendency of people to rate the things and factors which are regarded as more socially acceptable or less socially acceptable higher or lower respectively, the results of such studies could have varied or misleading results (Armstrong, 2010, p.143-144). In Concurrence with the above, according to Deming â€Å"Pay is not a motivator† as it buys the things people want but it does not motivate you to work. There is no research that supports paying people more money will encourage them to better the work performance, especially in the long run. This is also agreed upon by Kohn (1993) and Turner (2006). But the studies also concluded that it has a slightly higher or lower effect in different industries for example as in a study by Turner(2006) conducted on factory workers and service businessmen which found little relation between performance and financial incentives in factory workers but found the opposite when the study was conducted on service businessmen. (Zani, et al, 2011, pp.330). Although Financial Rewards are supposedly provided equally according to the Principle of Distributive Justice, this is not always so as most systems are individualistically designed that they cater towards one person’s performance on the whole and may serve to de-motivate the average and low-performance attaining employees. Furthermore according to studies by Thompson (1992b) and Marsden and Richardson (1994), financial incentives related to pay have little to no effect in increasing motivation and work performance. Also according to these studies the effects of Financial Rewards are hard to determine as there are debatable or skeptical ways of monitoring its effectiveness and to also take into consideration the other factors that at the same time may be in effect that may affect performance and motivation such as innovation, new technology etc. Another factor that must be taken into consideration is the way Financial Reward are introduced into the organization and the principles and practices used implementing it, according to a study conducted for The Department of Employment in the UK by Bowey and Thorpe successful l outcomes are more dependent on the effectiveness of communication and Support systems rather than the pay design or financial reward provided. (Armstrong, et al, 2010, pp.147-150). Conclusion On the basis of the above information reviewed and analyzed we can conclude that while financial rewards are the most commonly used and implemented system of reward used today it is not necessarily the best way to increase work motivation on the whole, for the organization. The use of financial rewards cannot be rejected or discarded as it plays a part in motivating an individual but it must be taken into consideration that Financial Rewards work best when within the Framework of an Integrated system of reward that combines both Non-financial and Financial Rewards together. The system that might work best is a system that takes into consideration also the cultural context in which it is placed as this may have an effect on the performance of an individual due to a reward used. Also the ratio of Financial Rewards to Non-Financial Rewards affectedness is dependent on the industry or sector it is situated in. References Armstrong, M. (2010). Armstrongs Handbook of reward Management Practice Improving Performance through Rewards. 3rd ed. London: Kogan Page Limited. pp.143-144. Armstrong, M. (2010). Armstrongs Handbook of reward Management Practice Improving Performance through Rewards. 3rd ed. London: Kogan Page Limited. pp.147-150. Chiang, F.F.T. and Birtch, T.A. (2012). The Performance Implications of Financial and Non-Financial Rewards: An Asian Nordic Comparison. Journal of Management Studies. Vol.49, No.3, pp.538-541 Chiang, F.F.T. and Birtch, T.A. (2012). The Performance Implications of Financial and Non-Financial Rewards: An Asian Nordic Comparison. Journal of Management Studies. Vol.49, No.3, pp.542 Ciorbagui-Naon, R. (2010). Modalities of Non-Financial Motivation of Employees Within Organisations. Annals of the University of Petrosani Economics. Vol.10, No.4, pp.44. Colquitt, J., Lepine, J. and Wesson, M. (2009). Organizational Behavior Improving Performance and Commitment in the Workplace. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin. pp.178-179. Furnham, A. (2006). Pouring Money Down the Drain?. British Journal of Administrative Management. Vol.53, Issue.2, pp.26-27. Kressler, H. (2003). Motivate and reward Performance Appraisal and Incentive Systems for business Success. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. pp.3 Hollyford, S and Whiddett, S. (2002). The Motivation Hand book. London: CIPD House. pp.37-38. Hollyforde, S. and Whiddett, S. (2002). The Motivation Handbook. London: CIPD House. pp.166. Zani, R. Md., Rahim, N. A., Junos, S., Samanol, S., Ahmad, S. S., Merican, F. M. I., Saad, S. M. and Ahmad, I. N. (2011). Comparing the Impact of Financial and Non-Financial Rewards Towards Organizational Motivation. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business. Vol.3, No.4, pp.328-329. Zani, R. Md., Rahim, N. A., Junos, S., Samanol, S., Ahmad, S. S., Merican, F. M. I., Saad, S. M. and Ahmad, I. N. (2011). Comparing the Impact of Financial and Non-Financial Rewards Towards Organizational Motivation. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business. Vol.3, No.4, pp.330.