Monday, May 18, 2020

Sample Resume Chemical Engineering Lab - 1318 Words

Pre-Reflection Assignment #1 I will be completing this assignment for Chemical Engineering Lab 1 as an introduction to the writing and formatting process that is expected by Professor Burrows. During this writing, I will work to become familiar with the whole process of the lab report. This will include practicing how to format professional tables and plots, with clear and understandable information and captions. My previous experience with formatting reports in Microsoft Office and utilizing Microsoft Excel for tables and plots will be utilized. Strengths that I have come from my need to make the document have a professional look, as I have not only wanted to provide quality information, but also to make the report aesthetically pleasing. Places of improvement could include time efficiency, including effectively gathering data from online or public sources. I believe this first assignment will be at least sufficient with completing all of the tasks required with proper formatting, with a hope that what is sought after or expected will be completely understood. By doing this, a certain rhythm of writing the lab reports and completing further assignments may be obtained that will benefit me for the remainder of the semester. Abstract There are two main points of focus of the following material. The first is to develop an understanding of writing professional reports by collecting data that is used to properly format tables and graphs. The data that is includedShow MoreRelatedBangladesh Pure Food Ordinance-20058856 Words   |  36 PagesSafe food contributes to health and productivity and provides an effective platform for development and poverty alleviation. People are becoming increasingly concerned about the health risks posed by microbial pathogens and potentially hazardous chemicals in food. Up to one-third of the populations of developed countries are affected by food borne illness each year, and the problem is likely to be even more widespread in developing countries. The poor are the most susceptible to ill-health. Food andRead MoreIndustrial Tour Report5988 Words   |  24 Pages4. Methodology This industrial tour is conclusive as well as descriptive in nature. Necessary statistical tools have been applied to carry out the assigned study. The methodological section of the study is designed as under: - 1. SAMPLE Selection: The samples were selected on the basis of the following criteria: ⠝â€" The Factory of BSRM Steels Ltd. is situated in plot no. 4, Fouzderhat Industrial Estate, Chittagong and the Head office of BSRM Group is situated in Ali Mansion, 1173/1207, SadarghatRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 PagesOrganization and Development ........................................................................................... 4 IV. Language, Tone, and Voice ................................................................................................. 5 Sample Statements of Purpose ........................................................................................................ 8 I. Social Sciences ..................................................................................................Read MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 Pageselve years after the disaster, Union Carbide became part of the Dow Chemical w Corporation, which flatly refused to assume any liabilities in India - or clean up the toxic poisons left behind saying that it was the responsibility of the Madhya Pradesh state government which had taken over the site. Today twenty five years since that fateful night, lakhs of people still living in the vicinity of the factory are exposed to toxic chemicals that continue to leach from tonnes of waste lying within the UCILRead MoreImportance of Recruitment and Selection8450 Words   |  34 PagesInspections âž ¢ Quality and Quantity Inspection, Specification âž ¢ Container Inspection and Performance Test âž ¢ Sampling âž ¢ Stowage and Packaging Inspection âž ¢ Engineering Inspection 2. Testing Analysis âž ¢ Identification for Microorganism âž ¢ Physical and Chemical Analysis âž ¢ Food Sanitary Test âž ¢ DNA Analysis Identification 3. Services âž ¢ Logistical Supervision âž ¢ Fumigation âž ¢ Full Outturn Guarantee (FOG) Read MoreChap 533156 Words   |  133 Pages | | 30 | | 10 | |Checking Credit | | | | 10 | |Samples, Catalog Info. |  5 | | 10 | | |Special Handling Charges |  5 | | Read MoreManagement and Feasibility Study7141 Words   |  29 Pages1 line Figure 1. Sample Book Spine of a Thesis d. Follow the format for the CD label. The CD case cover follows the format of the Title Page on the hardbound copy. 2007 (2-1/2†) FAMILY NAME, FIRST amp; MIDDLE INITIALS (1/2†) YEAR 1 line (7†) TITLE (INVERTED PYRAMID) ALL CAPS ( ½Ã¢â‚¬ ) 2 lines 2 lines FEASIBILITY STUDY AND BUSINESS PLAN 5 Figure 2. Sample CD Label Parts of Feasibility Study andRead MoreNsa Capstone Project Essay16270 Words   |  66 Pages 1.3.1 Define Project Quality Customer would like to implement six fully functional labs for various groups of high school students at two inner city locations in Mobile, Alabama plus a new location at Miami, Florida. This infrastructure will be critical in supporting the education of the student’s, it will require email capability on both client and mobile devices as well as secure authentication. The labs will be used by various students and various locations, a user guide web page will be necessaryRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesPrinted in the United States of America Contents Preface xi 1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES 1 Lakes Automotive 3 Fems Healthcare, Inc. Clark Faucet Company 2 5 7 11 IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT Kombs Engineering 13 Williams Machine Tool Company 15 Wynn Computer Equipment (WCE) 17 The Reluctant Workers 20 Hyten Corporation 22 Macon, Inc. 35 Continental Computer Corporation 37 Goshe Corporation 43 Acorn Industries 49 MIS Project Management at First NationalRead MoreDarden Mba Resumes16768 Words   |  68 PagesFirst Year Resume Book 2009-2010 ABHINAV AGRAWAL 105 Ivy Drive Apt 09 ï‚ · Charlottesville, VA 22903 ï‚ · (434) 249-7645 ï‚ · AgrawalA11@darden.virginia.edu EDUCATION Darden Graduate School of Business Administration University of Virginia Candidate for Master of Business Administration, May 2011 ï‚ · Awarded Batten Innovation Scholarship (merit-based full tuition scholarship); ï‚ · GMAT: 730; AWA: 5.5 ï‚ · Member of Finance Club, Energy Club and Darden Capital Management Club Charlottesville, VA Nanyang

Friday, May 15, 2020

What Was Canadian Confederation

In Canada, the term Confederation refers to the union of the three British North American colonies of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Canada to become the Dominion of Canada on July 1, 1867. Details on the Canadian Confederation Canadian Confederation is sometimes referred to as the birth of Canada, marking the beginning of more than a century of progress toward independence from the United Kingdom. The 1867 Constitution Act (also known as the The British North America Act, 1867, or the BNA Act) formed the Canadian Confederation, making the three colonies into the four provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec. The other provinces and territories entered Confederation later: Manitoba and the Northwest Territories in 1870, British Columbia in 1871, Prince Edward Island in 1873, Yukon in 1898, Alberta and Saskatchewan in 1905, Newfoundland in 1949 (renamed Newfoundland and Labrador in 2001) and Nunavut in 1999.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Summary Of The Land Of Equestria - 1735 Words

Narrator: In the land of Equestria, there lived many ponies together in harmony under the control of the two sisters Celestia and Luna. The eldest one was the loneliest, despite her younger sister for company she still felt empty inside. But, out of all her subjects there was on Pegasus that achieved her attention. His name was Cloud Racer, for he was one to put his heart all in into the things that he does, that is what caught the princesses eye. Fortunately, Cloud Racer had the same feelings for her, he would come up with many ways just to see her, until one day he got tired of making excuses. He went up to the princess and proposed, of course she said yes. After†¦show more content†¦Celestia: yes sweetie they are your little brothers Raspberry: what are their names? Celestia: they both shall be named Blueberry but one will be Blueberry Splash and the other is Blueberry squirt. {oh how they remind me of him} (Scene changes to Raspberry, Berry, and Squirt walking to school (Raspberry age 10, Berry and Squirt age 6)) Raspberry: so how do you two feel about your first day of school? Berry: I’ll be fine I got my books Raspberry: Berry, you know that you can’t always rely on your books. Squirt: I’m kind of nervous Raspberry Raspberry: don’t be, you’ll be fine Squirt *they reach the school* (at lunch) Berry: *is walking around reading a book and runs into another filly* ow! Twi: nnnn *rubs head* Berry: huh? Oh are you ok? Twi: yeah I probably should have looked at where I was walking. Berry: me too, wait were you reading? Twi: yeah where you? Berry: yeah, I kind of read a lot. Twi: me too! Berry: *laughs* so what s your name? Twi: my name is Twilight Sparkle Berry: mine is Blueberry Splash but I like to be called Berry. Twilight: well it was nice to meet you Berry, even though we walked into each other. Berry: yeah. (Raspberry, Berry, and Squirt are walking back home) Raspberry: so how was it? Berry: I met a girl who reads a lot, just like me. Raspberry: that’s nice, it looks like you already made a friend. Squirt: it was sooooooo boriiiinnnnng! Raspberry: Squirt!

Analysis Of The Book The Night - 1207 Words

Alan strode out the door just as skittish as he was when he walked in. He went over his plan in his head a countless amount of times. He was meeting Diana for dinner that night. He was going to put the potion into her wine. Diana wasn’t aware that Alan had such a tremendous admiration for her. He was strolling along, almost to the restaurant when a bluebird swooped down and snatched the love potion from Alan’s grip. â€Å"Ah-ah-oh you come back here bird! That’s mine!† shrieked Alan. He dashed after the bird until he could no longer run. The bird landed, and Alan could see the bird sipping the potion. Alan’s jaw dropped. He pondered upon what it would do to animals. The wise man hadn’t said anything about animals. â€Å"That was supposed to be for Diana! Now what am I going to do?† Alan spoke out loud to himself. The bird was staring at him. â€Å"Go away bird.† However, the bird did not go away. Instead, it fle w over to Alan and landed right on his shoulder. Alan shooed the bird off of his shoulder and started pacing towards the restaurant where he was meeting Diana. He was still going to meet Diana, even if she wasn’t going to fall in love with him today. Alan stepped up to the door of the restaurant. It was a glass door so he could see his reflection. He could also see the bird’s reflection. The bird was right behind him. He had followed Alan all the way to the restaurant. â€Å"You need to leave,† Alan commanded the bird. Then, Alan realized what wasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Night 964 Words   |  4 Pagesconstruction happened. Wanda had no choice but sat on the dusty floor while the thick chemistry book set under her butt as she used it as her cushion. Not more than ten minutes later, a sound of footsteps growing near her, triggered Wanda to straight up her body and peeked behind the wall to find out whose footstep was that. It was Chris. He was balancing a pile of books in his hand. Most of the books are from the library, and Wanda guessed that he was searching for more information about whatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1703 Words   |  7 PagesThe night is brisk and even with the thick suede jacket pulled over the man’s shoulders he is still freezing. He should mind the frozen temperatures, but he doesn’t because he has just won a vast amount of money off a bet. Money that he can spend on luxuries that he doesn’t need but believes he deserves. He smiles to himself, walking along the cold roads. Occasionally passersby will bump into him and cautious to pickpockets, he pats the pocket that holds the thick envelope of money. Maybe he’ll stopRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 8 50 Words   |  4 Pagesthinks it is for the name Rachel while everyone else believes it the is German word for revenge. By the science of deduction he learns that the woman and was poison and was traveling because parts of her was wet when it did not rain in London the night before. He then notices her suitcase is missing and this was the murders mistake. Holmes leaves quickly and leaves Watson alone at the crime scene. He heads to the main road to get a taxi. As he walks down the road he notices the phones keep ringingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night Essay764 Words   |  4 Pagesif you really want to, talk to Syd†¦the Sofria that lives here. She is very good with plants, but you may end up with her a lot of time with her since all of her books are in those strange marks. I’ll be honest. I don’t think there is meaning in those marks. I think she is really smart, and all the information is in her head. The books are just for show.† â€Å"I’ll ask.† They walked the garden, Tizbeth studying the different plants, thinking of questions. Lord Donovan was insulted when he told herRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1151 Words   |  5 Pageswhile on the road, Seth screws up his courage enough to profess his love for Lyla. She freaks out. Unable to deal with Seth, Lyla leaves him a note, saying that she does not see Seth in the same light that he does her and flees in the middle of the night. Unable to return home and depressed that he scared off Lyla, he meets a mage named Jay-with-a-J tangled in enormous brambles. He rescues him with a fire spell and learns of the alternative group of naturalists called druids. Able to manipulate lifeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 852 Words   |  4 PagesWith a basket on his back and an arm filled with a rifle, Eustace started out with his husky, Hunter, to check his traps. The black spotted, white fluff pounced forward with determination, well acquainted with the trap-line, howl ing and barking as he went ahead of Eustace along the Yaak River. Mornings like this along the trickling river with nobody and nothing, but greenery and his furry, elusive neighbors in sight in their natural orchestral of bustling calls made Eustaces transition from anRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1325 Words   |  6 Pagesnecessary. Thank you for the offer. But- really. I’m fine. I promise to be quieter.† â€Å"I can help-† â€Å"No, really, I almost have it. Sorry for frightening you,† Jemma said. Daisy sighed, â€Å"Alright. Well, good night, Jemma.† She turned around and walked to the door. She locked it. â€Å"Good night, Fitz!† She called out before slamming the door closed. â€Å"Lock the door next time you do shenanigans!† The man beneath Jemma started snickering. She looked down at him disapprovingly, â€Å"It’s not funny!† She exclaimedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night 1048 Words   |  5 Pageshappened to Elie and was one of the main conflicts of the story, â€Å"Night†. As you can see in the book he loved going to his mosque and his love of God, however, as the story went on his faith slowly deteriorated and crumbled away even though he fought hard to keep it. This can happen to the best of people and there is no way to control it unless you are strong with your beliefs. This was the case for Elie In the beginning of the book because he was excited about his path with God and would talk withRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1512 Words   |  7 PagesCameron, a young man, awoke abruptly. It was another long night in 2257 AD near modern day China. â€Å"Another nightmare,† he whispered under his breath.Panting heavily, he turns and puts his feet on the cold, damp wooden floor. Standing up, he let out a yawn as he stretched. â€Å"Well I guess I better go eat some breakfast,† he said to himself. As he goes down the stairs he passes his father’s room. Cracking the door open he could see his father sprawled out on the floor covered in glass bottles. â€Å"DrunkRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1226 Words   |  5 PagesRicendithas stood after this meeting was adjourned, disinterestedly looking around the room as he then followed Stella out into the main room. He hadn t missed Soyeon giving him the stink eye; if anyth ing, it only brightened his mood that he d managed to ruffle her feathers so nicely. And while they were going down the stairs, Ric just looked about while ignoring her little tryst about not touching anything. Do I look like some common thief? he muttered, his visible green eye shooting downstairs

I Am Strong free essay sample

Sweat did not accumulate in light droplets on our foreheads; it gathered in great pools, drenching our leotards. Although we never noticed it ourselves, everyone outside the studio could see that the air was dense with moisture and heat. All of our attention was concentrated towards our bodies: shoulders down, stomachs in, hips tucked under—the list never ended, and neither did the combinations of steps. Debra, our ballet teacher, was the officer. She patrolled a line of dancers focused on a complex pique routine, examining every inch of our bodies. When she came close to where I was standing, I held my breath and prayed with all my might that she would continue walking. Nobody ever wanted to be the one called on by the teacher, corrected in front of the entire class. And so we danced as if our lives depended upon it. Through many hardships, the strenuous life of a ballerina molded me into the mature young adult I am today. We will write a custom essay sample on I Am Strong or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I learned the value of self-esteem as I watched a fellow dancer suffer from anorexia. I learned the meaning of respect as another dancer gave everything she had to a boy. I felt the love and trust of a family as our performing company grew closer, depending on each other for survival. However, the most distinguishing imprint pressed into my clay character was not made by sufferings, but by strengths. A physically demanding and mentally rigorous sport, ballet forced me to push when I could not push anymore, reach when I could not reach anymore, and hold on when every inch of my body screamed to let go. Any stranger can look at me and see that I have not been blessed with the thin, tall stature of a ballerina. Standing at a mere five feet with splits that could only bend 190? and not the standard 200?, dancing was always a challenge for me. My only comfort came from knowing that everybody else faced the same problems. Debra never failed to remind us that a dancer can always point her foot harder, stretch her arm farther, and lift her leg higher, no matter how pointed, stretched or lifted the dancer’s body already was. I do not know why I worked so hard every day in ballet class, or even why I loved dance so much. Perhaps it was because of the lifelong relationships that were established there. Or maybe it was because the dance studio was my only refuge away from family strife, the one place I did not have to hear constant yelling and crying. Whatever the reason might have been, I would like to believe that I loved ballet because I love challenging myself. I love knowing that even when I do not accomplish my immediate goal, I have done something great by putting in that last ounce of effort. I have strengthened myself, earned endurance, and become a better person. When I look back at the young girl who stands at the barre, muscles shaking in a developpe, I whisper to her. â€Å"Find any energy left, and push that leg up higher, higher.† For I know that if she does, if I do, we both will gain command and ability. Some might think this is perseverance, while others would say that it is dedication or willpower. I call it strength.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Gangs of Chicago Essay Example For Students

Gangs of Chicago Essay attn getter: kill little jimmyboss: um listen sammy I want u to take care of our little buddy jimmy see he lost some of our more expensive merchindise to the nunziatos sammy: what do you want me to do boss what do you want me to do?boss: take him out to eat and tell him his don doesnt care that he lost the merchindise and then take him to see the sights, when hes not looking tell him to be prepared to meet his old buddy tony, then scratch him!sammy:sure boss surewhile we all would hate to be in little jimmys position im sure some of us wish we were alive in the roaring twenties when flappers and bootlegging were all in stylemy bookThe Gangs Of Chicagoby Herbert AsburyMy topic # 4 real life connectionthe book gangs of chicago is explained by the titlethe connection i made was with the whole mafia part of the bookgrowing up i wasnt really into anything kids my age likedmafia guys are so cool they have funny names like sammy and jimmy and tonyand the cool ones never seem to die they are dressed as if they are going to funeraland seem to talk out of the side of their moutheven tony saprano does thatthey also have funny acentsbut the best part is that mafia guys no matter how ugly face filled with scarspimples on their forehead..they always seem to get the ladiesi saw the movie the godfather and knew i had to join an italian mafiathere were 2 problems thoughi wasnt italian. . . . . . . . . .appearently!andand the 1920s happened a long long time agoso i did the next best thingi started my own mexican mafia at the age of 6our name.. the aztecioswe were the toughest mexican mafia aroundwe were the only mexican mafia aroundbut over time like any mafia my chronies slowly departed3 of them to be exacthavier moved awayjose wasnt allowed to go outside and jacks mom didnt want jack to play our little game anymore because she thought the whole mafia idea was stupid and i qoute eres loco for those of you who dont understand she called me crazyso my dream of being a mafia boss endeduntil HBO ran a pilot of a new show called the sapranosafter that i rewnewed my mafia vowsbecause i knew i had to become tony sapranowhy?because no one messes with him he is one bad mama jamaand if they mess with him well if you watch the sapranos you know what happens to themthe book mentions all of the more famous chicago gang membersand should be read by everone who has ever been interested in the mafiaand anyone interested by chicago historythanks

Monday, April 13, 2020

Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence Essay Example

Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence Paper Assignment: Ethical considerations in respect of advertising, sales promotion, pricing, product packaging and obsolescence. 2011 Introduction Ethics is concerned with what is right and what is wrong. Ethics relate to moral evaluations of decisions and actions as right or wrong on the basis of commonly accepted principles of behaviour (Dibb et. al. , 1997), in other words, ethics are the moral principles and values that govern the actions or/and decisions of an individual or group. They serve as guidelines on how to act rightly and justly when faced with moral dilemmas. Sometimes the line between what is considered ethical and unethical is difficult to distinguish since what is right and wrong differs depending on such factors as nationality, culture, sex etc. Ethics is individually defined and may vary from one person to another. Many people wrongly assume that only actions that violate laws are considered unethical. Some activities can be unethical even though no laws are violated, for example, it can be considered as unethical activity for companies to aggressively promote unhealthy food to children though such promotional practices are generally in the world not viewed as illegal. It is believed that good marketing is ethical marketing. Practicing ethics in marketing means deliberately applying standards of fairness, or moral rights and wrongs, to marketing decision making, behaviour, and practice in the organization. While the most basic ethical principles have been codified as laws and regulations to conform to the standards of society, marketing ethics goes beyond legal and regulatory issues. Ethical marketing practices and principles are the main that establish trust, which will help to gain and maintain the reputation of the company and to build long-term marketing relationships. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Considerations in Respect of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Pricing, Product Packaging and Obsolescence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The purpose of this assignment is to define and explain ethical marketing considerations in respect of advertising, sales promotions, product quality, packaging, obsolescence, pricing and consumer manipulation. Promotion and advertising Some marketing activities may create ethical issues, for example, false, misleading and negative advertising, manipulative or deceptive sales promotions etc. An ethical issue is an identifiable problem, situation or opportunity requiring an individual or organisation to choose from among several actions that must be evaluated as right or wrong, ethical or unethical. Any time any marketing activity causes customers to feel deceived, manipulated or cheated, a marketing ethical issue exists, regardless on the legality of that activity (Dibb et. al. , 1997). The visibility of advertising, coupled with its role as persuasive communication, results in it being the area of marketing most affected by ethical issues. The major ethical issues in advertising and sales promotion are their misleading or deceptive aspects and the social harm attributed to advertising. Unethical actions in advertising can destroy the trust that customers have in the company. First to mention is false, deceptive or misleading advertising. As advertising has the potential to persuade people into commercial transactions that they might otherwise avoid, many governments around the world use legal regulations to control false, deceptive or misleading advertising. An advertisement is deceptive if there is a representation, omission or practice that is likely to mislead consumers in a material way – and is therefore ethically wrong. Advertisers must be able to substantiate claims about product performance. Second to mention is advertising that involves ambiguous statement – statements using words so weak that the viewer, reader or listener must infer advertisers’ intended messages (Dibb et. al. , 1997). Third to mention is advertising that involves violence, profanity and propaganda of sex. Fourth to mention is attack advertisements that unfairly denigrate competitors, so called negative advertising. In negative advertising, the advertiser highlights the disadvantages of competitor products rather than the advantages of their own. Sales promotion Personal selling as a type of sales promotions is to be mentioned regarding ethical issues, because some consumers may perceive salespeople as an unethical when persuading and pressing to purchase the products that they neither need nor want, so called high-pressure selling. A common problem in personal selling is judging about what types of sales activities are acceptable and what are not. Although most sales people are ethical, some do engage in questionable actions, such as aggressive and manipulative tactics, or not telling the customers the truth about the product, or making customers to believe that they will get more value than they actually do. Deceptive or misleading promotion â€Å"includes practices such as overstating the products’ features or performance, luring the customers to the store for a bargain that is out of stock, or running rigged contests† (Kotler et. l. , 2002). Pricing Ethical pricing means such type of pricing so as to avoid taking undue advantage of the highly price-inelastic demand for a product (Schoell, 1990). Price fixing (bid rigging), predatory pricing (dumping), failure to disclose the full price associated with a purchase, price discrimination, price skimming, price cartels and price wars are typical ethical issues in pricing policies. Most of the pricing policies mentioned above are illegal. The emotional and subjective nature of price creates many situations in which misunderstandings between the seller and buyer cause ethical problems. Marketers have the right to price their products so that they earn a reasonable profit, but ethical issues may crop up when company seeks to ear high profits at the expense of its customers. (Dibb et. al. , 1997). Product packaging Deceptive packaging includes exaggerating package contents through subtle design, not filling the package to the top, using misleading labelling, or describing size in the misleading terms (Kotler et. l. , 2002). Product obsolescence Product obsolescence can be planned and functional, planned obsolescence means a strategy of causing products to become obsolete before they actually need replacement (for example, electronics, fashion and computer industry) (Kotler et. al. , 2002), but functional obsolescence occurs when technological breakthroughs render an existing product out-of-date. Three types of planned obsolescence exist: postponed, internationally designed and fashion or style. Postponed obsolescence means holding back and adding product improvements until present inventories run out or demand falls out sharply. Internationally designed obsolescence involves designing a product, or a critical part, to wear out within a given period of time. Fashion or style obsolescence is psychological – new model cars make last year’s models obsolete (Schoell, 1990). References: Dibb, S. , Simkin, L. , Pride, W. M. , Ferrell, O. C. (1997), Marketing, Concepts and strategies, Third European edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, U. S. A, pp. 738-49. Kotler, P. , Armstrong, G. , Saunders, J. , Wong, V. (2002), Principles of marketing, Third European edition, Pearson Education Limited, Edinburgh, England, pp. 43-68. Schoell, W. F. , Guiltinan, J. P. (1990), Marketing contemporary concepts and practices, Fourth edition, Allyn anb Bacon, Massachusetts, pp. 27-29, 60-64, 313, 649.